How can you get rid of bed bugs and mites at home? - briefly
Thoroughly vacuum mattresses, furniture, and crevices, wash all bedding in water above 60 °C, apply an EPA‑registered insecticide or heat treatment, and encase mattresses and box springs to block re‑infestation. Seal cracks, declutter the area, and repeat the process weekly until no pests are detected.
How can you get rid of bed bugs and mites at home? - in detail
Bed bugs and dust mites thrive in warm, humid environments and can infest mattresses, furniture, and cracks in walls. Effective eradication requires a systematic approach that combines thorough inspection, sanitation, physical barriers, and, when necessary, targeted treatments.
First, identify all infested zones. Examine seams of mattresses, box springs, bed frames, headboards, and upholstered furniture. Look for live insects, shed skins, dark spots (fecal stains), or a sweet, musty odor. For dust mites, focus on bedding, curtains, and carpets; use a flashlight to spot microscopic droppings or allergic reactions as indirect evidence.
Second, reduce the habitat. Wash all bedding, curtains, and removable fabrics in hot water (≥ 60 °C) for at least 30 minutes, then dry on high heat. Vacuum mattresses, box springs, and upholstered surfaces using a HEPA‑rated filter; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister immediately. Dehumidify rooms to keep relative humidity below 50 %; a portable dehumidifier or air conditioner can maintain suitable levels.
Third, apply physical barriers. Encase mattresses and box springs in zippered, bite‑proof covers that are certified to trap insects. Replace damaged fabric or seal cracks in walls, baseboards, and furniture with caulk. Install bed legs with protective shields to prevent bugs from climbing.
Fourth, employ non‑chemical controls. Steam treatment at 100 °C for at least 20 seconds kills both bed bugs and mites on contact. Direct steam to seams, folds, and crevices. For dust mites, expose bedding to sunlight for several hours; ultraviolet radiation reduces their population.
Fifth, consider chemical interventions only after other measures have been exhausted. Use a regulated insecticide labeled for indoor use against bed bugs; apply according to manufacturer instructions, focusing on hidden areas such as behind headboards, under baseboards, and within wall voids. For dust mites, a low‑dose acaricide can be sprayed on carpets and upholstered furniture, but avoid excessive residue on surfaces that contact skin.
Sixth, monitor progress. Place interceptor traps under each bed leg to capture climbing insects. Replace traps weekly and record captures. Re‑inspect all previously treated areas after 7‑10 days and again after 30 days to confirm elimination.
Finally, maintain preventive habits. Keep clutter to a minimum, regularly launder bedding, and conduct periodic vacuuming. Seal luggage and clothing when traveling, and inspect new furniture before introducing it into the home.
By integrating inspection, sanitation, barriers, heat, selective chemicals, and ongoing monitoring, a household can achieve comprehensive removal of bed bugs and dust mites.