How can the head be examined when there are lice? - briefly
Apply a lice‑removing comb to wet, conditioned hair after treating with an approved pediculicide, then examine the scalp under bright light to confirm the absence of live insects and nits. Repeat the process after 7–10 days to ensure any newly hatched lice are detected.
How can the head be examined when there are lice? - in detail
When an infestation of head lice is present, a thorough scalp assessment must be adapted to minimize the risk of spreading the parasites and to obtain accurate findings.
First, isolate the individual in a clean, well‑ventilated area. Remove any hair accessories, hats, or scarves that could conceal lice or nits. Comb the hair with a fine‑toothed lice comb while the hair is damp; this loosens nits and makes them easier to see.
The examination proceeds as follows:
- Visual inspection – Use a bright, magnified light source (e.g., a headlamp with a built‑in magnifier). Scan the scalp from the crown to the neck, focusing on typical lice habitats: behind the ears, at the nape, and along the hairline.
- Systematic sectioning – Divide the hair into quadrants. In each quadrant, separate strands with a fine comb and examine the base of the hair shaft for live insects and attached eggs. Record the density of findings in each section.
- Documentation – Photograph representative areas with a macro lens for reference and potential follow‑up comparison. Note any signs of secondary infection, such as erythema or crusting.
- Safety measures – Wear disposable gloves and a mask to avoid inhaling shed eggs. Dispose of the comb and any debris in a sealed bag; clean the examination surface with an EPA‑registered disinfectant.
If live lice are observed, count the number of adult insects and nymphs to gauge infestation severity. Count nits that are firmly attached within 1 cm of the scalp; these indicate recent oviposition.
After the assessment, provide immediate treatment recommendations: prescribe a pediculicide approved for the age group, advise a repeat combing session after 7–10 days, and instruct on laundering of bedding and personal items at ≥60 °C. Schedule a follow‑up examination within two weeks to confirm eradication.