What should be done to get rid of a bed bug? - briefly
Thoroughly clean and vacuum the affected area, launder all bedding at high temperatures, and apply a certified residual insecticide directly to cracks, seams, and hideouts. Seal entry points, install mattress encasements, and use monitoring traps to prevent re‑infestation.
What should be done to get rid of a bed bug? - in detail
Eliminate a bed‑bug infestation by following a systematic, evidence‑based approach.
First, confirm the presence of insects. Look for live specimens, molted skins, and dark spotting on mattresses, box springs, and seams of furniture. Use a bright flashlight to inspect cracks, baseboards, and headboards.
Second, isolate and protect sleeping surfaces. Remove all bedding and wash at 60 °C (140 °F) for at least 30 minutes; dry on high heat for the same duration. Encase mattresses and box springs in zippered, bed‑bug‑proof covers that remain sealed for at least one year.
Third, reduce harborages. Declutter rooms, discard items that cannot be treated, and vacuum thoroughly. Vacuum mattresses, furniture, carpet edges, and floor seams; immediately empty the canister into a sealed bag and discard outdoors.
Fourth, apply targeted heat or cold. Portable steamers set to 100 °C (212 °F) can treat seams, folds, and crevices for 10‑15 seconds each. For items that tolerate low temperatures, place them in a freezer at –18 °C (0 °F) for a minimum of four days.
Fifth, use chemical controls responsibly. Apply a registered, residual insecticide to cracks, baseboards, and voids where insects hide. Follow label instructions regarding concentration, ventilation, and re‑application intervals. Rotate products with different active ingredients to prevent resistance.
Sixth, monitor progress. Install passive interceptors beneath each leg of the bed and furniture. Replace traps weekly and record captures. Continue inspections for at least three months, as bed‑bug life cycles can extend up to 100 days.
Seventh, consider professional intervention when the infestation persists or spreads. Certified pest‑management operators can combine heat chambers, fumigation, or specialized dusts that reach inaccessible areas.
Finally, maintain preventive habits: keep luggage off beds while traveling, inspect second‑hand furniture before bringing it indoors, and regularly wash linens. Consistent vigilance prevents re‑introduction and supports long‑term eradication.