How should body lice be treated? - briefly
Effective management requires washing clothing and bedding at ≥130 °F (54 °C) and applying a topical pediculicide, such as 1 % permethrin, to the skin. Repeat the treatment after 7 days to eradicate newly hatched lice.
How should body lice be treated? - in detail
Effective management of body lice requires a combination of personal hygiene, environmental decontamination, and pharmacologic intervention.
First, eliminate the infestation source by washing all clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (minimum 130 °F/54 °C) for at least 30 minutes, followed by high‑heat drying. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in airtight bags for three weeks to deprive lice of a viable habitat.
Second, improve skin cleanliness. Daily bathing with soap and thorough drying reduce the nits and adult insects that cling to body hair and clothing seams.
Third, apply topical pediculicides when mechanical measures are insufficient. Permethrin 5 % cream rinse, applied to the entire body and left for 10 minutes before rinsing, kills most adult lice and nymphs. Alternatives include malathion 0.5 % lotion or benzyl benzoate 25 % solution, applied according to manufacturer instructions.
Fourth, consider systemic therapy for resistant cases or widespread outbreaks. A single oral dose of ivermectin 200 µg/kg, repeated after 7 days, achieves high cure rates. Oral doxycycline (100 mg twice daily for 7 days) can be used in conjunction with ivermectin to target secondary bacterial infections such as impetigo.
Fifth, monitor progress. Re‑examine the individual and clothing after 7–10 days; repeat treatment if live lice are observed.
Lastly, educate affected persons about avoiding re‑infestation: maintain clean garments, avoid sharing personal items, and treat close contacts simultaneously. Implementing these steps in a coordinated manner restores health and prevents recurrence.