How can flea bites on a person be treated? - briefly
Apply a topical antihistamine or hydrocortisone cream after cleaning the area with mild soap and water to relieve itching and inflammation. If symptoms worsen or an allergic reaction develops, consult a healthcare professional for oral antihistamines or prescription treatment.
How can flea bites on a person be treated? - in detail
Flea bites cause small, red, itchy papules that often appear in clusters on the lower legs, ankles, and feet. Immediate care focuses on reducing inflammation, preventing infection, and alleviating discomfort.
First‑aid measures:
- Wash the affected area with mild soap and lukewarm water to remove irritants and reduce bacterial load. Pat dry with a clean towel.
- Apply a cold compress for 10–15 minutes to constrict blood vessels and lessen swelling.
- Use over‑the‑counter topical antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine cream) or corticosteroid ointments (e.g., 1 % hydrocortisone) to control pruritus and erythema. Apply a thin layer 2–3 times daily for up to a week.
Systemic options for extensive reactions:
- Oral antihistamines such as cetirizine 10 mg or loratadine 10 mg once daily mitigate widespread itching.
- Short courses of oral corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone 20–40 mg daily for 3–5 days) may be prescribed for severe inflammation, under medical supervision.
If secondary infection is suspected—signs include increasing pain, warmth, pus, or fever—initiate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric treatment often involves a topical antibiotic (mupirocin) or, for deeper infections, oral agents such as cephalexin 500 mg four times daily for 7–10 days.
Adjunctive strategies:
- Apply calamine lotion or colloidal oatmeal baths to provide soothing relief.
- Keep fingernails trimmed to prevent self‑inflicted trauma from scratching, which can introduce bacteria.
- Use insect‑repellent clothing or treated fabrics when in flea‑infested environments to reduce new bites.
Prevention:
- Treat pets with veterinarian‑approved flea control products (topical, oral, or collar formulations) and regularly wash bedding.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and pet areas; dispose of vacuum bags or clean canisters promptly.
- Employ environmental insecticides or diatomaceous earth in infested indoor spaces, following label instructions.
Monitoring:
- Observe lesions for resolution within 5–7 days; persistent or worsening symptoms warrant medical evaluation.
- Document any allergic responses, as repeated exposure may sensitize the immune system and increase reaction severity.