How can a 13‑year‑old child be freed from lice? - briefly
Apply an over‑the‑counter pediculicide (e.g., permethrin 1 % shampoo) according to label directions, then repeat after seven days to eliminate newly hatched nits. Wash all bedding, clothing, and personal items in water ≥ 50 °C and vacuum upholstered surfaces to remove remaining lice and prevent re‑infestation.
How can a 13‑year‑old child be freed from lice? - in detail
Effective elimination of head‑lice infestation in a 13‑year‑old requires a systematic approach that combines chemical treatment, mechanical removal, environmental control, and follow‑up assessment.
The initial step involves selecting an approved pediculicide. Recommended options include 1 % permethrin lotion, 0 .5 % malathion shampoo, or dimethicone‑based liquid. Application instructions must be followed precisely: apply to dry hair, ensure thorough coverage from scalp to tips, leave the product on for the time specified on the label (usually 10 minutes), then rinse with warm water. After rinsing, a fine‑tooth comb should be used to extract live lice and nits.
Mechanical removal is critical because many eggs survive chemical exposure. The combing process should be repeated at least twice a day for seven days. Steps for combing:
- Section hair into manageable sections.
- Place a nit‑comb at the scalp, pull gently toward the hair tip.
- Wipe comb teeth on a white paper towel after each pass to detect captured lice.
- Dispose of extracted insects by flushing or sealing in a plastic bag.
Environmental decontamination reduces re‑infestation risk. Items requiring treatment include:
- Bedding, pillowcases, and washable clothing – wash in hot water (≥ 54 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes.
- Non‑washable items – seal in a plastic bag for two weeks or use a dry‑heat device (≥ 50 °C) for 30 minutes.
- Hair accessories, hats, and brushes – soak in hot water (≥ 50 °C) for 10 minutes, then disinfect with an alcohol‑based solution.
All household members should be examined and, if necessary, treated simultaneously to prevent cross‑contamination. Close contacts who show no signs of infestation need only be monitored.
A final assessment after 14 days confirms success. Absence of live lice and viable nits on the scalp indicates eradication. Persistent detection warrants repeat treatment with an alternative pediculicide and repeat combing regimen.
Continuous education on avoidance of head‑to‑head contact and regular inspection of hair during school activities supports long‑term prevention.