How are domestic lice treated? - briefly
Treatment of household lice usually involves applying a topical pediculicide (e.g., 1 % permethrin cream rinse) according to label instructions, then laundering clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water. A follow‑up combing with a fine‑toothed lice comb after 7–10 days removes any surviving nymphs and helps prevent recurrence.
How are domestic lice treated? - in detail
Effective control of lice in a residential setting requires a combination of chemical, mechanical, and environmental measures. The approach begins with accurate identification of the species—head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) or body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis)—because treatment protocols differ.
Chemical agents are the primary line of defense. Over‑the‑counter pediculicides contain permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide; these are applied to dry hair, left for the recommended duration, then rinsed. Prescription options include malathion (0.5 %) and ivermectin lotion (0.5 %). For body lice, topical permethrin 5 % cream applied to the skin and clothing is standard. Resistance monitoring is essential; if a product fails after two applications, switch to an alternative class.
Mechanical removal supplements chemicals. A fine‑toothed comb, used on wet hair with conditioner, should be drawn through each section from scalp to tip at least five times per session, repeated every 2–3 days for two weeks. For clothing and bedding, washing at ≥60 °C followed by tumble drying eliminates nits and adult insects. Items unable to withstand heat should be sealed in plastic bags for a minimum of two weeks.
Environmental hygiene reduces reinfestation risk. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and mattresses; discard or treat items that cannot be cleaned. Personal items such as hats, brushes, and headphones must be isolated or disinfected. Regular inspection of all household members continues for four weeks after the initial treatment to detect residual or new infestations.
A concise protocol:
- Confirm species and assess severity.
- Apply appropriate pediculicide according to label instructions.
- Perform combing regimen concurrently.
- Launder or isolate all potentially contaminated textiles.
- Clean living areas and personal objects.
- Re‑evaluate after 7 days; repeat treatment if live lice persist.
- Continue monitoring for an additional three weeks.
Adherence to this integrated strategy maximizes eradication success and minimizes recurrence.