"Rubber" - what is it, definition of the term
The term denotes an elastic polymer obtained either from the latex of Hevea brasiliensis trees or through synthetic processes using petroleum derivatives; its molecular architecture comprises long-chain cis‑1,4‑polyisoprene units that confer high resilience, tensile strength, and resistance to permanent deformation, making the material indispensable for products such as tyres, seals, hoses, and medical devices.
Detailed information
Elastic polymer derived from the latex of Hevea trees or from petroleum‑based monomers possesses high tensile strength, low compression set, and excellent resilience. Natural latex contains proteins, water, and lipids; polymerization of isoprene units yields a material with superior abrasion resistance and flexibility. Synthetic elastomers, such as styrene‑butadiene and nitrile, provide enhanced oil, chemical, and temperature tolerance.
Production involves harvesting latex, coagulating the fluid, washing, drying, and vulcanizing the resulting sheets. Vulcanization introduces sulfur cross‑links that stabilize the polymer network, improving durability and heat resistance. Additives—including carbon black, plasticizers, and stabilizers—tailor mechanical and electrical properties for specific applications.
Key characteristics relevant to pest‑related uses include:
- Impermeability to liquids, preventing moisture penetration in protective footwear and gloves.
- Electrical insulation, enabling safe handling of insecticide‑charged devices.
- Elastic recovery, allowing tight seals around openings in traps or cages.
- Chemical resistance, ensuring longevity when exposed to solvents or pesticides.
Applications in the control of ticks, bugs, lice, and fleas encompass:
- Protective garments: boots, gloves, and leggings made from vulcanized sheets shield skin from bites and limit vector contact.
- Insect‑resistant barriers: rubberized netting and window screens block arthropod entry while maintaining airflow.
- Trap components: flexible membranes form suction chambers or bait holders, enhancing capture efficiency.
- Pesticide delivery systems: elastomeric reservoirs release active ingredients at a controlled rate, reducing re‑application frequency.
Environmental considerations mandate careful selection of low‑allergen natural latex or fully synthetic alternatives to avoid sensitization. End‑of‑life management includes recycling vulcanized material into flooring, mats, or reclaimed products, reducing landfill impact.
Overall, the material’s combination of mechanical robustness, chemical inertness, and adaptability makes it indispensable in devices and apparel designed to mitigate exposure to ectoparasites.