"Eyebrow" - what is it, definition of the term
The supra‑orbital strip of hair, commonly called the brow, is a localized growth of coarse follicles situated on the frontal edge of the orbital cavity; it functions as a barrier that redirects perspiration and particulate matter away from the ocular surface while contributing to facial expression. This region can also serve as a habitat for ectoparasites such as ticks, insects, lice, and fleas, which may attach to the hair shafts or skin surrounding the eye.
Detailed information
The upper facial hair strip above each eye consists of dense, pigmented follicles that protect the ocular region from debris and moisture. Its structure includes a protective outer layer of keratinized cells, a vascular dermal component, and a rich supply of sebaceous glands that maintain pliability and prevent drying.
When ectoparasites such as ticks, insects, lice, or fleas attach to this area, they exploit the hair’s shelter and the skin’s moisture. Ticks embed their mouthparts into the dermis to feed on blood, potentially transmitting pathogens like Borrelia burgdorferi. Insect bites provoke localized inflammation, characterized by erythema, pruritus, and occasional edema. Lice infestations involve nymphs and adults laying eggs (nits) on hair shafts, leading to persistent itching and secondary bacterial infection if the skin is broken. Fleas, though more commonly associated with the lower body, may temporarily reside in the brow region, causing puncture wounds that can become infected.
Effective management requires the following steps:
- Identification – visual inspection for attached organisms, engorged bodies, or nits fixed near the hair base.
- Removal – use fine-tipped tweezers to extract ticks, ensuring the head remains intact; for lice, comb out nits with a fine-tooth lice comb.
- Disinfection – cleanse the area with an antiseptic solution after extraction to reduce bacterial colonization.
- Treatment – apply topical acaricides or insecticides approved for facial use; systemic medication may be necessary for extensive infestations.
- Prevention – maintain hygiene, keep the hair clean and trimmed, and avoid contact with infested animals or environments.
Monitoring the condition of the brow hair, including changes in texture, color, or the presence of lesions, contributes to early detection of parasitic involvement. Prompt intervention minimizes discomfort and lowers the risk of disease transmission.