What to do if lice reappear? - briefly
If head lice reappear, immediately begin a second treatment with a proven pediculicide and repeat the application according to the product’s instructions. Follow up with thorough combing, wash all bedding and personal items in hot water, and inspect all close contacts for infestation.
What to do if lice reappear? - in detail
If head lice are detected again after treatment, act promptly to halt the infestation and prevent further spread. Begin by confirming the presence of live insects or viable eggs through a thorough combing session with a fine‑toothed lice comb on dry hair. Examine the scalp, behind the ears, and at the nape of the neck, repeating the process several times over a 24‑hour period to rule out false positives.
Once confirmation is obtained, follow these steps:
- Apply a second‑line pediculicide – choose a product that contains a different active ingredient than the one used previously (e.g., dimethicone, benzyl alcohol, or ivermectin). Follow the manufacturer’s instructions precisely, including the recommended contact time and any required repeat application after 7–10 days.
- Treat all personal items – wash bedding, towels, and clothing worn in the preceding 48 hours in hot water (≥60 °C) and dry on high heat. Seal non‑washable items in sealed plastic bags for at least two weeks.
- Clean the environment – vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats. Discard vacuum bags or clean canisters after use.
- Perform meticulous combing – after applying the medication, use the fine‑toothed comb every 2–3 days for two weeks. Remove each louse and egg, wiping the comb on a white paper towel to verify removal.
- Notify close contacts – inform family members, classmates, and anyone with prolonged hair contact. Recommend that they inspect their hair and, if necessary, repeat treatment with a compatible product.
- Monitor for reinfestation – continue weekly inspections for at least four weeks. Record any findings to detect early signs of resurgence.
If the problem persists after two complete treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional. Prescription options such as oral ivermectin or a stronger topical formulation may be required. Additionally, a dermatologist can assess for potential resistance to over‑the‑counter agents and suggest alternative strategies.