What should I do when a dog has fleas? - briefly
Treat the dog with a veterinarian‑approved flea medication and simultaneously wash bedding, vacuum carpets, and clean the home to eliminate eggs and larvae. Consult a vet to select the appropriate product and follow the prescribed treatment schedule without interruption.
What should I do when a dog has fleas? - in detail
When a canine becomes infested with fleas, immediate action prevents skin irritation, anemia, and a rapid increase in the parasite population.
First, confirm the presence of fleas by examining the coat and skin. Look for live insects moving through the fur, small dark specks (flea dirt) on the lower abdomen, and excessive scratching. Use a fine‑toothed flea comb on damp fur; the comb will capture adult fleas and their eggs.
Next, initiate treatment for the dog:
- Administer a veterinarian‑approved topical or oral flea medication. Products containing fipronil, imidacloprid, or nitenpyram provide rapid kill of adult fleas and, in many cases, interrupt the life cycle.
- Apply the medication according to the label: for topicals, part the hair at the base of the neck and spread the solution over the skin; for oral tablets, give the dose with food if required.
- Repeat the dose at the interval recommended by the manufacturer (often 30 days) to address emerging fleas from eggs and larvae.
Simultaneously address the environment:
- Wash all bedding, blankets, and removable fabrics in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Heat destroys eggs, larvae, and pupae.
- Vacuum carpets, rugs, and upholstered furniture thoroughly. Empty the vacuum bag or canister into a sealed bag and discard it outdoors.
- Apply an environmental insecticide spray or fogger labeled for flea control. Focus on cracks, baseboards, and pet resting areas. Follow safety instructions to protect humans and other animals.
- Use a flea‑preventive shampoo during the first bath after treatment. The shampoo reduces the number of adult fleas on the coat but does not replace systemic medication.
Monitor the dog for at least two weeks. If excessive itching, redness, or secondary skin infection appears, seek veterinary evaluation. Persistent infestations may require a combination of prescription‑strength products or a short course of oral ivermectin under professional guidance.
Maintain long‑term prevention by administering monthly flea control throughout the year, especially in warm climates where flea development accelerates. Regular grooming with a flea comb can detect early re‑infestation, allowing prompt corrective action.