What should be done for children allergic to dust mites? - briefly
Reduce indoor dust‑mite exposure by washing bedding at ≥60 °C, encasing pillows and mattresses in allergen‑tight covers, and keeping humidity below 50 %. Treat symptoms with antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, and consider supervised allergen immunotherapy for persistent cases.
What should be done for children allergic to dust mites? - in detail
Dust‑mite hypersensitivity in children requires a multi‑layered approach that combines environmental modification, pharmacologic therapy, and ongoing assessment.
First, reduce allergen exposure in the home. Encase mattresses, pillows, and box springs with allergen‑impermeable covers; wash bedding weekly in water hotter than 60 °C (140 °F). Remove carpets, especially in bedrooms, and replace them with smooth flooring that can be vacuumed regularly using a HEPA‑filtered machine. Keep indoor humidity below 50 % by employing dehumidifiers or air‑conditioning; moisture promotes mite proliferation. Store stuffed toys and soft furnishings in sealed containers or wash them frequently. Vacuum upholstered furniture with a HEPA‑equipped vacuum cleaner and consider using a professional cleaning service for curtains and drapes.
Second, implement pharmacologic interventions tailored to symptom severity. For intermittent nasal congestion or sneezing, oral or intranasal antihistamines provide rapid relief. Persistent rhinitis may benefit from intranasal corticosteroids, applied consistently according to the prescribed dosage. In cases of asthma triggered by dust‑mite exposure, a stepwise regimen of inhaled corticosteroids, long‑acting β₂‑agonists, or leukotriene receptor antagonists should be prescribed, with dosage adjustments guided by spirometric monitoring. Allergen‑specific immunotherapy (subcutaneous or sublingual) can be considered for children who do not achieve control with medication and environmental measures; this treatment requires specialist supervision and a prolonged commitment.
Third, establish a regular monitoring schedule. Conduct periodic lung‑function tests, symptom diaries, and allergy‑skin‑prick or serum‑specific IgE assessments to track disease activity and treatment response. Adjust environmental controls and medication dosages based on documented changes.
Fourth, educate caregivers and the child about trigger avoidance and emergency procedures. Provide a written action plan that outlines steps to take during an exacerbation, including when to administer rescue inhalers, use oral corticosteroids, or seek emergency care. Ensure that school personnel are informed of the child’s condition and have access to any prescribed rescue medication.
Finally, coordinate care among pediatric allergists, primary physicians, and respiratory therapists. A multidisciplinary team facilitates comprehensive management, reduces the risk of uncontrolled symptoms, and supports the child’s overall health and development.