What should be done after a tick bite, and which tablets should be taken? - briefly
Remove the tick using fine tweezers, disinfect the site, and observe for rash or fever for several weeks. If exposure risk is high, a single 200 mg dose of doxycycline within 72 hours is recommended; alternatively, amoxicillin may be used for children or doxycycline for adults as prophylaxis.
What should be done after a tick bite, and which tablets should be taken? - in detail
After removing a tick, clean the bite site with soap and water or an antiseptic. Apply a dry, sterile dressing if the skin is irritated. Observe the wound for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, warmth, or pus, and seek medical attention if any appear.
Document the tick’s appearance, size, and removal date. If the tick was attached for more than 24 hours, note this information for the healthcare provider, as prolonged attachment increases disease risk.
Medication recommendations depend on the region’s prevalent tick‑borne pathogens and the duration of attachment. Common prophylactic and therapeutic options include:
- Doxycycline: 100 mg orally once daily for 10–14 days; first‑line for early Lyme disease and effective against other rickettsial infections. Use in adults and children over 8 years; avoid in pregnant or breastfeeding women.
- Amoxicillin: 500 mg three times daily for 14 days; alternative for patients who cannot take doxycycline, especially pregnant or lactating individuals.
- Azithromycin: 500 mg on day 1, then 250 mg daily for 4 more days; suitable for those with doxycycline contraindications, though less effective for Lyme disease.
- Cefuroxime axetil: 500 mg twice daily for 14 days; another alternative for early Lyme disease when doxycycline is unsuitable.
If a rash characteristic of erythema migrans appears, initiate antibiotic therapy promptly, regardless of prophylactic measures. For suspected tick‑borne viral infections (e.g., Powassan virus), supportive care is the primary approach; no specific antiviral tablets are approved.
Follow‑up appointments should be scheduled within 2–4 weeks to assess treatment response and monitor for late‑stage manifestations. Maintain a record of any new symptoms, such as joint pain, neurological changes, or persistent fatigue, and report them immediately.