What medications should be taken after a tick bite? - briefly
If the tick was attached for ≥ 36 hours in a Lyme‑endemic region, a single 200 mg dose of doxycycline is advised as prophylaxis; otherwise, observe the bite site for erythema migrans and consult a clinician, who may prescribe amoxicillin or cefuroxime if infection is confirmed.
What medications should be taken after a tick bite? - in detail
After removal of a feeding tick, immediate care focuses on preventing infection and managing symptoms. The primary pharmacologic measure is a single dose of doxycycline, 200 mg taken orally within 72 hours of the bite for adults and children weighing at least 15 kg. This regimen effectively reduces the risk of Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi in regions where the pathogen is prevalent.
If doxycycline is contraindicated—due to allergy, pregnancy, or severe liver disease—alternative agents include:
- Amoxicillin 500 mg three times daily for 10 days (adults) or weight‑adjusted pediatric dosing.
- Cefuroxime axetil 500 mg twice daily for 10 days as a second‑line option.
For suspected or confirmed Rocky Mountain spotted fever, initiate doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for adults (or pediatric weight‑based dosing) for at least 7 days, continuing until the patient is afebrile for 48 hours.
Symptomatic relief may be provided with:
- Ibuprofen 400 mg every 6 hours as needed for pain and inflammation, not exceeding 1.2 g per day.
- Acetaminophen 500 mg every 4–6 hours for fever or discomfort, limited to 3 g per day.
- Oral antihistamines such as cetirizine 10 mg once daily for itching or localized allergic reactions.
If a rash or systemic signs develop, prompt evaluation is required; additional antimicrobial therapy may be needed based on clinical judgment and laboratory results.
Patients should monitor the bite site for expanding erythema, fever, fatigue, arthralgia, or neurologic symptoms for at least 30 days. Any emergence of these signs warrants immediate medical assessment and possible extension of antibiotic treatment.