What is more effective against lice in a child? - briefly
A 1 % permethrin shampoo applied as directed, followed by meticulous wet‑combing, provides the highest efficacy against head‑lice infestations in children. A repeat treatment after 7–10 days eradicates any surviving nymphs and reduces the risk of recurrence.
What is more effective against lice in a child? - in detail
Effective control of head lice in children relies on a combination of chemical, mechanical, and environmental strategies. The most reliable approach begins with an approved topical pediculicide applied according to the product label. Permethrin 1 % lotion and pyrethrin‑based shampoos are first‑line OTC options; they kill most live lice but often leave nits unharmed. When resistance to these agents is suspected—common in many regions—prescription formulations such as malathion 0.5 % or oral ivermectin provide higher efficacy. Both require a second application 7–10 days after the first to target newly hatched lice.
Mechanical removal complements chemical treatment. A fine‑toothed nit comb, used on wet, conditioned hair, extracts live insects and eggs. Repeating combing every 2–3 days for at least two weeks ensures that any surviving nits are eliminated. Studies show that combing alone reduces infestation by 70–80 % when performed correctly, but it is most effective when paired with a pediculicide.
Environmental measures address re‑infestation risk. Wash bedding, hats, and clothing used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 130 °F/54 °C) and dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks, the typical survival time of lice off a host. Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture to remove stray nits; however, extensive fumigation is unnecessary.
A practical protocol for caregivers:
- Apply a suitable pediculicide to dry hair, following exact timing instructions.
- After 10 minutes, rinse and immediately comb hair with a nit comb, removing all visible lice and eggs.
- Discard comb teeth in a sealed container.
- Repeat the chemical treatment after 7–10 days.
- Perform combing sessions every 2–3 days for two weeks.
- Process all personal items as described above.
Monitoring for treatment failure is essential. Persistent live lice after two applications indicate possible resistance; switch to a prescription agent or consider oral ivermectin under medical supervision. Prompt, systematic application of these steps yields the highest success rate in eradicating head lice from children.