What can be used to treat lice at home? - briefly
Effective home remedies include over‑the‑counter pediculicides such as «permethrin 1 % shampoo» and «dimethicone‑based lotion» that immobilise lice, while thorough combing with a fine‑toothed lice comb, washing bedding in hot water, and applying olive oil or petroleum jelly to loosen nits support eradication.
What can be used to treat lice at home? - in detail
Effective home treatment of head‑lice infestation relies on a combination of mechanical removal and topical agents that eliminate both insects and their eggs.
Manual removal requires a fine‑toothed comb, preferably a metal nit‑comb, used on wet, conditioned hair. The hair should be divided into sections; each section is combed from scalp to tip, rinsing the comb after every pass. Repeating the process every 2–3 days for at least two weeks ensures that newly hatched nymphs are captured before they mature.
Topical substances applicable without prescription include:
- 1 % permethrin lotion, applied to dry hair, left for 10 minutes, then rinsed; a second application after 7 days prevents re‑infestation.
- 0.5 % malathion solution, applied for 8–12 hours before washing; suitable for resistant cases.
- 20 % dimethicone lotion, left on hair for 10 minutes, then washed; suffocates lice and is safe for young children.
- 5 % tea‑tree oil mixed with a carrier oil, applied for 30 minutes before rinsing; exhibits insecticidal properties but may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.
Adjunct measures reduce re‑exposure:
- Wash bedding, towels, and clothing in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items in sealed plastic bags for 2 weeks.
- Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture to remove fallen nits.
Monitoring involves inspecting the scalp every 2 days for live insects or viable eggs. Persistent detection after three treatment cycles warrants medical consultation for alternative prescription options.