What can be used to treat lice and nits at home? - briefly
Effective home remedies include over‑the‑counter pediculicides such as permethrin 1 % shampoo or lotion, and non‑chemical methods like wet‑combing with a fine‑toothed comb after applying a conditioner or petroleum jelly. Additional aids are tea‑tree oil, dimethicone‑based products, or a vinegar rinse to loosen eggs, paired with thorough washing of bedding and personal items.
What can be used to treat lice and nits at home? - in detail
Effective home management of head‑lice infestations relies on three components: direct removal of insects, chemical or natural agents to kill remaining lice and eggs, and environmental decontamination.
The first step is thorough wet combing. Apply a generous amount of conditioner or a thick oil (olive, coconut, or petroleum jelly) to damp hair, allow it to sit for 5–10 minutes, then run a fine‑toothed lice comb from scalp to tip. Repeat every 2–3 days for at least two weeks.
Chemical options available without prescription include:
- Permethrin 1 % shampoo or lotion; leave on scalp for 10 minutes, rinse, and repeat after 7 days.
- Pyrethrin combined with piperonyl‑butoxide; apply as directed, typically a 10‑minute exposure, followed by a second application in one week.
- Benzyl alcohol 5 % lotion; apply for 10 minutes, rinse, and repeat after 7 days; not suitable for children under 6 months.
Natural substances with documented ovicidal activity:
- Tea‑tree oil (0.5 %–1 % in a carrier oil); apply to scalp, leave for 30 minutes, then wash; repeat after 7 days.
- Apple‑cider vinegar (5 % acidity); soak hair for 30 minutes, rinse, then comb; repeat weekly for three cycles.
- Mayonnaise or petroleum jelly; coat hair, cover with a shower cap for 8–12 hours, then wash and comb; repeat after 7 days.
Environmental control reduces reinfestation risk:
- Wash all bedding, towels, and clothing used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C; dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items (hats, helmets) in a sealed plastic bag for 2 weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and vehicle seats; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister afterward.
Monitoring persists for at least 4 weeks. Examine hair daily with a lice comb; any live insects require an additional treatment cycle.
Safety considerations: avoid products containing lindane; discontinue use if scalp irritation occurs; consult a healthcare professional for pregnant or nursing individuals, infants under 2 months, or cases of treatment failure.