What are the symptoms if you have lice? - briefly
Itching on the scalp, often accompanied by a tickling or crawling sensation, is the most common sign, along with visible live lice or their translucent eggs (nits) attached near the hair roots. Red bumps, irritation, or a sore scalp may also be present.
What are the symptoms if you have lice? - in detail
Lice infestations manifest through several observable and tactile signs. The most common indicator is an intense itching sensation on the scalp, caused by an allergic reaction to the insect’s saliva. This pruritus often intensifies several hours after a bite and may be accompanied by redness or small raised bumps.
Another reliable clue is the presence of live insects. Adult lice are approximately 2–4 mm in length, grayish‑brown, and move quickly through hair shafts. Nymphs, or “nymphs,” appear smaller but share the same coloration. Inspection of the hair, especially near the neck and behind the ears, frequently reveals these organisms.
Nits—lice eggs—provide diagnostic evidence. Nits attach firmly to the side of hair shafts, about 1 mm from the scalp, and appear as oval, white or yellowish shells. Because they are cemented in place, they cannot be easily removed by combing. Their presence, especially when clustered in rows, confirms an active infestation.
Secondary symptoms may develop from persistent scratching. These include excoriated skin, secondary bacterial infection, and, in severe cases, crusted lesions. In children, excessive scratching can lead to hair loss in localized patches.
A comprehensive assessment should consider the following checklist:
- Persistent scalp itching, especially after a few hours post‑bite
- Visual confirmation of adult lice or mobile nymphs
- Detection of firmly attached, oval-shaped nits near the scalp
- Red, inflamed patches or bite marks on the scalp skin
- Signs of skin irritation or infection resulting from scratching
Recognition of these signs enables prompt treatment and prevents further spread.