Spider mite on indoor plants: how to fight it? - briefly
Inspect leaves frequently, isolate any plant showing stippled or webbed foliage, and raise humidity to deter mite reproduction. Treat the infestation with horticultural oil, neem oil, or insecticidal soap, and prune heavily damaged sections to reduce population.
Spider mite on indoor plants: how to fight it? - in detail
Spider mites are tiny arachnids that thrive on the undersides of foliage, causing stippling, discoloration, and webbing. Early detection relies on inspecting leaves with a magnifying lens; the presence of fine specks or silk threads indicates an active infestation. Mites reproduce rapidly under warm, dry conditions, completing a life cycle in as little as five days, which makes timely intervention essential.
Environmental management reduces population growth. Maintain humidity above 60 % by misting leaves or using a humidifier, and keep temperatures between 18 °C and 24 °C. Avoid overhead watering that wets the soil but leaves foliage dry; instead, water directly at the soil surface and increase airflow with a fan to prevent stagnant air.
Cultural practices interrupt the mite life cycle. Remove heavily infested leaves and dispose of them away from the growing area. Rotate plant species periodically to avoid long‑term buildup of pest pressure. Provide balanced nutrition; nitrogen excess can favor mite reproduction, so follow recommended fertilization schedules.
Mechanical removal offers immediate relief. Wash plant leaves with a strong jet of lukewarm water, focusing on the undersides, to dislodge mites and eggs. Follow with a gentle wipe using a soft cloth dipped in soapy water (a few drops of mild dish soap per liter). Repeat the process every five days for two weeks to cover multiple generations.
Chemical options should be used sparingly and according to label directions. Effective compounds include neem oil, horticultural oil, and insecticidal soaps. Apply at the recommended concentration, covering both leaf surfaces thoroughly. For severe cases, a short‑term treatment with a miticide containing abamectin may be warranted, but rotate products to prevent resistance.
Biological control introduces natural predators that suppress mite numbers. Predatory mites (e.g., Phytoseiulus persimilis) and insect larvae such as ladybird beetles can be released onto affected plants. Ensure adequate humidity and avoid broad‑spectrum insecticides that would harm these allies.
Monitoring continues after treatment. Inspect plants weekly, record any resurgence, and adjust humidity or ventilation as needed. Maintain a clean growing environment: regularly clean pots, trays, and surrounding surfaces to remove fallen debris that can harbor mites.
By integrating environmental adjustments, cultural hygiene, physical removal, targeted chemicals, and biological agents, indoor growers can manage spider mite infestations effectively while minimizing damage to valuable houseplants.