How to treat lice on pigs? - briefly
Apply a licensed topical ectoparasiticide—such as a pyrethroid spray or pour‑on—to the entire coat, following the product’s dosage and repeat schedule. Simultaneously clean and disinfect pens, replace bedding, and isolate treated pigs to prevent reinfestation.
How to treat lice on pigs? - in detail
Effective control of swine lice requires accurate diagnosis, appropriate therapeutic agents, and rigorous herd management.
First, confirm infestation by inspecting the skin, especially around the ears, neck, and ventral areas. Adult lice are visible as dark, flattened insects; nymphs appear lighter. Excessive scratching, crusty lesions, and hair loss indicate a moderate to severe problem.
Second, select an ectoparasiticide based on efficacy, safety, and withdrawal times. Commonly used products include:
- Topical insecticidal sprays containing pyrethroids (e.g., permethrin 0.5 %) or organophosphates (e.g., diazinon). Apply directly to the coat, covering the entire body, and repeat after 7–10 days to target emerging nymphs.
- Systemic injectable formulations such as ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg body weight) administered intramuscularly. Provide a second dose 14 days later to ensure elimination of the full life cycle.
- Oral drenches with fluralaner or acombination of milbemycin oxime and praziquantel, dosed according to manufacturer guidelines. These agents offer prolonged protection for up to 30 days.
Third, implement environmental sanitation. Remove manure, bedding, and any organic debris where lice can hide. Disinfect housing with a phenolic or quaternary compound, and allow a dry period of at least 48 hours before restocking.
Fourth, adopt preventive measures. Routine whole‑herd ectoparasite checks should be performed monthly. Rotate chemical classes annually to prevent resistance. Provide adequate nutrition and stress reduction, as compromised immunity can exacerbate infestations.
Finally, record all treatments, including product name, dosage, administration route, and dates. Maintain documentation for withdrawal compliance and for monitoring the success of control programs. Continuous evaluation and adjustment of the protocol will sustain a lice‑free swine operation.