How to treat a dog for mites? - briefly
Apply a veterinarian‑approved acaricide, such as a topical fipronil formulation or oral ivermectin, and disinfect the dog’s bedding, grooming tools, and living area. Re‑treat according to the product’s schedule and observe the skin for resolution of lesions.
How to treat a dog for mites? - in detail
Mite infestations in dogs require prompt identification and targeted therapy. The most common species are Sarcoptes scabiei (causing sarcoptic mange), Demodex canis (demodectic mange), and Otodectes cynotis (ear mites). Accurate diagnosis begins with a physical examination, skin scrapings examined under a microscope, and otoscopic inspection for ear canal involvement. Confirmation guides the selection of appropriate medication.
Initial treatment focuses on eliminating the parasites. Recommended options include:
- Topical acaricides such as selamectin, imidacloprid‑moxidectin, or fipronil applied according to the product label; repeat applications are often required every 2–4 weeks for several cycles.
- Oral systemic agents, for example milbemycin oxime, ivermectin (in breeds without MDR1 mutation), or afoxolaner; dosage is weight‑based and may be administered monthly.
- Prescription shampoos containing benzoyl peroxide or chlorhexidine for short‑term use to reduce surface mite load and soothe inflammation.
Environmental control is essential. Wash bedding, blankets, and toys in hot water (≥ 60 °C) or replace them. Vacuum carpets and upholstery thoroughly, then discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister. For multi‑dog households, treat all animals simultaneously to prevent reinfestation.
Supportive care improves recovery. Provide a balanced diet rich in omega‑3 fatty acids to promote skin health. Use topical moisturizers or fatty acid supplements if excessive dryness persists. Monitor for secondary bacterial or fungal infections; treat with appropriate antibiotics or antifungals when indicated.
Follow‑up examinations should occur 2–4 weeks after initiating therapy. Re‑scrape lesions to verify parasite clearance; persistent mites may require extended treatment duration or a switch to an alternative acaricide. Document response and adjust the regimen accordingly.
Prevention strategies include regular use of a long‑acting acaricide, routine ear cleaning for ear‑mite‑prone dogs, and maintaining a clean living environment. Early detection of clinical signs—intense itching, hair loss, or crusted lesions—allows rapid intervention, minimizing discomfort and reducing the risk of chronic skin damage.