How to treat a bed bug bite? - briefly
Clean the bite with mild soap and water, apply a cold compress to lessen swelling, then treat itching with an over‑the‑counter hydrocortisone cream or oral antihistamine; seek medical care if symptoms intensify or infection appears.
How to treat a bed bug bite? - in detail
Bed bug bites typically appear as small, red welts that may itch, swell, or develop a halo of lighter skin around the center. The reaction varies with individual sensitivity; some people experience only mild irritation, while others develop larger, more painful lesions.
The first step after noticing a bite is to cleanse the area with mild soap and lukewarm water. This removes potential contaminants and reduces the risk of secondary infection. Pat the skin dry with a clean towel; avoid rubbing, which can increase inflammation.
To alleviate itching and swelling, apply one of the following:
- Over‑the‑counter hydrocortisone cream (1 %) – 2–3 times daily for up to a week.
- Antihistamine tablets (e.g., cetirizine 10 mg) – one dose every 24 hours, unless contraindicated.
- Calamine lotion or a thin layer of aloe vera gel – reapply whenever discomfort returns.
If the bite becomes inflamed, consider a short course of oral non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory medication such as ibuprofen 200 mg every 6–8 hours, provided there are no contraindications.
For persistent irritation, a cold compress applied for 10–15 minutes can temporarily numb the area and constrict blood vessels, limiting swelling. Do not apply ice directly to the skin; wrap it in a cloth.
Signs that warrant professional medical evaluation include:
- Rapid expansion of the lesion or spreading redness beyond the bite site.
- Presence of pus, crusting, or foul odor, indicating infection.
- Fever, chills, or generalized skin rash.
- Severe pain unrelieved by standard topical or oral treatments.
In such cases, a healthcare provider may prescribe a stronger corticosteroid cream, oral antibiotics, or, rarely, a short course of systemic steroids.
Long‑term management involves minimizing exposure to the insects. Reduce clutter, wash bedding and clothing in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat, and vacuum upholstered furniture regularly. Professional pest control may be required for extensive infestations.
By following these steps—prompt cleansing, targeted topical or oral therapy, monitoring for complications, and addressing the source of the insects—individuals can effectively control symptoms and prevent further skin damage.