How to properly treat the head for lice? - briefly
Apply a WHO‑approved pediculicide shampoo, let it act for the specified duration, then comb the hair with a fine‑tooth nit comb for at least 10 minutes to remove all lice and nits; repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eradicate any newly hatched eggs.
How to properly treat the head for lice? - in detail
Effective removal of head lice requires a systematic approach that combines chemical or physical treatment, thorough cleaning of personal items, and preventive measures to avoid reinfestation.
Begin with a direct application of an approved pediculicide. Choose a product that contains either permethrin (1%) or pyrethrin combined with piperonyl butoxide, following the manufacturer’s instructions precisely. Apply the lotion or shampoo to dry hair, ensuring complete coverage from scalp to tips. Leave the preparation on for the recommended duration, usually 10 minutes, then rinse thoroughly with warm water. Repeat the treatment after seven to ten days to eliminate any newly hatched nymphs that survived the first application.
After the chemical step, remove live insects and eggs mechanically. Use a fine-toothed nit comb, ideally with metal teeth, on wet, conditioned hair. Section the hair and comb from the scalp outward, cleaning the comb after each pass. Perform this combing session daily for at least three consecutive days, then twice weekly for two additional weeks.
Simultaneously, decontaminate objects that may harbor lice or their eggs:
- Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 130 °F (54 °C) for at least 10 minutes; dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., hats, stuffed toys) in a sealed plastic bag for a minimum of two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister afterward.
Prevent recurrence by educating all household members on detection signs and encouraging regular self‑inspection, especially after close contact with infected individuals. Maintain personal hygiene practices, such as avoiding head‑to‑head sharing of combs, brushes, hats, or headphones.
If symptoms persist despite adherence to the protocol, consult a healthcare professional for alternative therapies, which may include prescription‑strength ivermectin or malathion preparations.