How to get rid of bedbugs: what are they afraid of? - briefly
They die when exposed to temperatures above 45 °C or to desiccating agents such as diatomaceous earth. Strong essential oils like tea‑tree or lavender also act as repellents.
How to get rid of bedbugs: what are they afraid of? - in detail
Bed bugs respond negatively to extreme temperatures, desiccation, and certain chemical compounds. Applying heat above 45 °C (113 °F) for at least 30 minutes kills all life stages; professional steamers can reach these temperatures without damaging most furnishings. Conversely, exposure to freezing temperatures below –18 °C (0 °F) for a minimum of four days eliminates infestations in sealed containers or luggage.
Chemical deterrents include:
- Silica‑based desiccants (diatomaceous earth, silica gel) that abrade the insect’s cuticle, causing lethal dehydration.
- Essential oils such as tea tree, lavender, and neem, which interfere with the bug’s sensory receptors and reduce feeding activity.
- Pyrethroid insecticides, applied according to label instructions, target the nervous system; resistance monitoring is essential because many populations have developed tolerance.
Physical barriers and environmental management also reduce survival:
- Encase mattresses, box springs, and pillows in zippered, certified encasements; keep seams sealed to prevent hidden harborages.
- Reduce clutter and vacuum regularly, emptying the canister into a sealed bag and discarding it outdoors.
- Repair cracks in walls, baseboards, and furniture to eliminate hiding places.
Integrated pest management (IPM) combines these tactics. Begin with a thorough inspection, identify all infested zones, then apply heat or cold treatment as the primary kill step. Follow with desiccant dusting in voids and seams, and seal all bedding in protective covers. Maintain a low‑humidity environment (relative humidity below 50 %) to amplify desiccant effectiveness. Repeat monitoring and treatment cycles every two weeks for at least three months, as bed bugs can emerge from eggs after the initial kill phase.
By employing temperature extremes, desiccating agents, targeted insecticides, and strict sanitation, an infestation can be eradicated without reliance on vague or ineffective home remedies.