How to effectively eliminate lice? - briefly
Apply a pediculicide shampoo containing «permethrin» at the recommended concentration, leave it on the scalp for the specified duration, rinse, and repeat after seven days; simultaneously comb wet hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to extract nits and wash all bedding and clothing in hot water.
How to effectively eliminate lice? - in detail
Effective lice eradication requires a systematic approach that combines accurate detection, targeted treatment, and thorough environmental control.
Accurate detection begins with a visual inspection of the scalp and hair. Use a fine-toothed comb on damp hair, separating sections from the crown to the nape. Look for live insects, nymphs, and viable eggs (nits) attached within 1 cm of the scalp.
Targeted treatment options fall into three categories: chemical, physical, and combined methods.
- Chemical agents: Over‑the‑counter pediculicides containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin are applied to dry hair, left for the recommended duration, then rinsed. Prescription‑strength products such as 0.5 % malathion or 0.05 % ivermectin offer alternatives for resistant infestations. Follow label instructions precisely; repeat treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched lice.
- Physical methods: Wet‑combing with a metal fine‑tooth comb removes live insects and nits without chemicals. Perform combing every 2–3 days for at least two weeks. Heat‑based devices that raise hair temperature to 50 °C for a prescribed period can kill lice and eggs, provided manufacturers’ safety guidelines are observed.
- Combined protocols: Apply a pediculicide, then execute a thorough wet‑combing session within 30 minutes to extract residual nits. This dual strategy reduces the likelihood of survival of any remaining eggs.
Environmental control eliminates sources of re‑infestation.
- Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C, then dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., hats, plush toys) in sealed plastic bags for at least two weeks, depriving lice of a host.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and vehicle seats; discard vacuum bags immediately after use.
Monitoring continues for three weeks post‑treatment. Conduct weekly scalp examinations using the fine‑tooth comb. Absence of live lice for three consecutive checks confirms successful eradication.
Prevention focuses on minimizing head‑to‑head contact and avoiding shared personal items. Educate caregivers and school personnel about early detection signs and prompt response protocols. Regular screening in communal settings reduces outbreak risk.