How should otitis caused by ear mites be treated in a dog? - briefly
Treat ear‑mite‑induced otitis by thoroughly cleaning the ear canal with a veterinarian‑approved cleanser and applying a prescribed acaricidal agent (e.g., selamectin, ivermectin). Follow with anti‑inflammatory ear drops to reduce swelling and prevent secondary bacterial infection.
How should otitis caused by ear mites be treated in a dog? - in detail
Otitis produced by ear mites in canines requires a systematic approach: confirmation of infestation, thorough canal cleaning, targeted acaricidal therapy, and ongoing monitoring.
First, obtain a microscopic sample of ear debris. Mite bodies, eggs, or fecal pellets confirm the diagnosis. If the sample is negative, consider bacterial or yeast otitis as alternative causes.
Second, clean the ear canal before applying medication. Use a veterinarian‑approved ear cleanser, warm to body temperature, to dissolve wax and debris. Gently flush each ear, allowing the fluid to drain, and dry the canal with gauze or a soft towel. Repeat cleaning daily until the canal is clear.
Third, apply an effective acaricide. Options include:
- Topical products: selamectin, ivermectin, or milbemycin formulations applied directly to the ear canal as directed on the label.
- Systemic agents: oral or injectable ivermectin or milbemycin oxime, administered according to weight‑based dosing schedules.
- Combination therapies: products that contain both an acaricide and an anti‑inflammatory steroid to reduce swelling and pain.
Follow the manufacturer’s dosing interval, typically once daily for 7–10 days, then a repeat dose after two weeks to eliminate any newly hatched mites.
Fourth, address secondary bacterial or fungal infection if present. Culture the ear fluid when needed and prescribe an appropriate antimicrobial (e.g., a fluoroquinolone ear drop for bacterial infection or an azole for fungal overgrowth). Continue antimicrobial therapy for at least 7–14 days after clinical signs resolve.
Fifth, monitor the dog’s response. Re‑examine the ears after the treatment course; look for reduced redness, swelling, and discharge. Perform a follow‑up microscopic exam to ensure the absence of live mites.
Finally, implement preventive measures. Maintain regular ear inspections, especially in puppies and dogs with a history of infestation. Keep the ear environment dry, avoid excessive moisture, and apply a preventive ear drop containing a low‑dose acaricide during high‑risk periods.
Adhering to this protocol resolves mite‑induced otitis, prevents recurrence, and minimizes complications such as chronic inflammation or hearing loss.