How should ear mites in a dog be treated? - briefly
Treat the infestation with a veterinarian‑prescribed ear mite medication, such as a topical acaricide (e.g., selamectin, ivermectin, or milbemycin) applied directly into the ear canal, followed by thorough cleaning of the ear to remove debris. Repeat the dose according to the product’s schedule and confirm clearance with a follow‑up exam.
How should ear mites in a dog be treated? - in detail
Ear mite infestation in dogs requires a systematic approach that includes confirmation, cleaning, medication, and preventive measures.
First, confirm the presence of mites by inspecting the ear canal for dark, coffee‑ground debris and using a microscope to identify the parasites. Veterinary diagnosis ensures appropriate therapy and rules out secondary infections.
Second, perform a thorough cleaning of each ear. Warm a solution of saline or a veterinarian‑approved ear cleanser, apply it into the canal, massage the base of the ear for 30–60 seconds, and then allow the dog to shake. Gently wipe excess fluid and debris with cotton balls or gauze, avoiding the use of cotton swabs that can damage the tympanic membrane.
Third, apply an acaricidal agent. Options include:
- Topical drops or ointments such as selamectin, moxidectin, or pyrethrin‑based products. Follow the label for dosage based on the dog’s weight; typically, one dose is administered directly into the ear canal, repeating after 7–10 days to break the mite life cycle.
- Systemic medications like ivermectin or milbemycin oxime, prescribed orally or by injection. These agents reach mites throughout the body and are useful when ear involvement is severe or when other parasites are present. Dosage must be calculated precisely; an overdose can be toxic, especially in certain breeds.
- Combination therapy may be recommended for resistant cases, pairing topical and systemic treatments to ensure complete eradication.
Fourth, treat any bacterial or fungal secondary infection that often accompanies mite infestation. Antibacterial or antifungal ear drops, selected based on culture results if available, should be used for the duration specified by the veterinarian, typically 7–14 days.
Fifth, address the environment. Wash bedding, toys, and grooming tools in hot water; vacuum carpets and upholstery to remove fallen debris. In multi‑dog households, treat all animals simultaneously to prevent reinfestation.
Finally, schedule a follow‑up examination 2–3 weeks after the initial therapy. Re‑examine the ears, repeat cytology if necessary, and confirm the absence of live mites. Continue preventive monthly applications of the chosen acaricide to maintain protection.
Adhering to this protocol—diagnosis, cleaning, targeted medication, environmental control, and monitoring—provides reliable elimination of ear mite infestations and reduces the risk of recurrence.