How should a house be treated for lice and nits? - briefly
Clean and discard or launder all linens, clothing, and fabrics in hot water (130 °F/54 °C) and dry on high heat, then vacuum carpets, upholstery, and cracks, sealing the vacuum bag for disposal. Seal untouched items in plastic bags for two weeks or use a safe insecticide spray according to label directions.
How should a house be treated for lice and nits? - in detail
Treating a residence for a lice and nit infestation requires a systematic approach that eliminates live insects, removes eggs, and prevents re‑colonization.
First, remove all personal items from the affected area. Wash clothing, towels, and bedding in hot water (minimum 130 °F/54 °C) for at least 10 minutes, then dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in airtight plastic bags for two weeks, the typical lifespan of a louse.
Second, clean the environment. Vacuum carpets, rugs, upholstered furniture, and mattress seams thoroughly, discarding the vacuum bag or cleaning the canister immediately. Use a brush attachment to dislodge any hidden nits. Follow vacuuming with a steam treatment on surfaces that can tolerate high temperatures; steam at 212 °F (100 °C) kills both lice and eggs on contact.
Third, treat hard surfaces. Wipe down chairs, tables, door handles, and light switches with a solution containing 0.5 % permethrin or a comparable EPA‑registered insecticide. Apply the solution according to label directions, ensuring sufficient contact time before wiping dry. For households with pets, use products labeled safe for animals, or isolate pets in a separate area during treatment.
Fourth, address personal grooming. Instruct all occupants to use a fine‑toothed nit comb on damp hair after applying a medicated shampoo (e.g., 1 % permethrin). Comb through each section multiple times, cleaning the comb after each pass. Repeat the combing process daily for ten days to catch any newly hatched lice.
Fifth, implement preventive measures. Store cleaned linens and clothing in sealed containers for at least 48 hours before reuse. Reduce clutter that can harbor insects. Encourage regular inspection of hair, especially after school or group activities, and treat any new cases promptly to limit spread.
Finally, document the process. Record dates of washing, vacuuming, chemical applications, and combing sessions. Review the timeline after two weeks; if live insects are still observed, repeat the entire protocol, focusing on any missed items or surfaces.
By following these steps—laundering, thorough vacuuming, steam, targeted insecticide application, diligent personal treatment, and ongoing monitoring—the residence can be cleared of lice and their eggs and remain protected against future outbreaks.