How does fiprist act on fleas? - briefly
Fiprist disrupts the flea’s nervous system by antagonizing GABA‑gated chloride channels, causing excessive neuronal activity and rapid paralysis. The agent is absorbed systemically and eliminates fleas within hours of exposure.
How does fiprist act on fleas? - in detail
Fiprist is a synthetic ectoparasiticide that interferes with flea neurophysiology through multiple biochemical pathways. The compound penetrates the cuticle of adult fleas and larvae, reaching the central nervous system within minutes of contact. Once inside, it binds selectively to ligand‑gated ion channels, primarily the gamma‑aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, causing prolonged channel opening. This results in uncontrolled chloride influx, hyperpolarization of neuronal membranes, and rapid loss of motor control.
In addition to GABA modulation, fiprist inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity. By preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine at synaptic junctions, the insect experiences continuous cholinergic stimulation, leading to spastic paralysis. The dual action on inhibitory and excitatory pathways produces a synergistic effect that accelerates mortality.
The compound also disrupts metabolic processes critical for flea development:
- Interferes with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, reducing ATP synthesis.
- Inhibits chitin synthase, impairing exoskeleton formation during molting.
- Alters hormone regulation, decreasing the production of ecdysteroids required for pupation.
These mechanisms affect all life stages. Eggs exposed to residual fiprist on treated surfaces fail to hatch, larvae experience stunted growth, pupae cannot complete metamorphosis, and adults succumb within 4–6 hours after contact. The residual activity persists for up to three weeks, providing ongoing protection against reinfestation.
Resistance development is mitigated by the compound’s multi‑target profile. Mutations that diminish binding to a single receptor type confer limited protection, as the insect remains vulnerable to the remaining pathways. Field studies report low incidence of resistance after repeated annual applications.
Overall, fiprist’s efficacy derives from rapid neurotoxic action, interruption of essential metabolic functions, and comprehensive coverage of the flea life cycle, making it a robust tool for flea control.