How can you remove lice from a child's head? - briefly
Apply a lice‑specific shampoo or lotion according to the product instructions, then use a fine‑toothed nit comb on damp hair to extract insects and their eggs. Repeat the process after 7‑10 days to eradicate any newly hatched lice.
How can you remove lice from a child's head? - in detail
Eliminating head‑lice infestations in children requires a systematic approach that combines immediate treatment, thorough combing, and environmental decontamination.
First, confirm the presence of live insects or viable nits. Use a fine‑toothed lice comb on dry hair, inspecting the scalp from the crown to the neck. Separate any clumps of hair with a wide‑tooth comb to facilitate detection.
Select a treatment method:
- Over‑the‑counter pediculicides – shampoos or lotions containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin. Apply according to the product label, leaving the solution on the scalp for the recommended duration (usually 10 minutes). Rinse thoroughly, then repeat the application after 7–10 days to kill newly hatched lice.
- Prescription options – 0.5 % malathion, 0.05 % ivermectin, or benzyl alcohol lotion. These agents are reserved for cases where OTC products have failed or resistance is suspected. Follow the prescribing physician’s instructions precisely.
- Mechanical removal – wet the hair with a conditioner to immobilize insects, then comb with a lice‑specific fine‑tooth comb. Perform this process every 2–3 days for two weeks, covering the entire head each session.
After chemical or mechanical treatment, execute a meticulous combing routine:
- Divide hair into sections 1–2 inches wide.
- Starting at the scalp, drag the lice comb down to the tips, wiping the teeth after each pass.
- Collect and discard any captured lice or nits in a sealed container.
- Repeat for each section until the entire head has been processed.
Environmental control reduces re‑infestation risk:
- Wash all recently worn clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥ 130 °F/54 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., stuffed animals) in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks, the typical lifespan of a louse without a blood meal.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats to remove stray hairs that may contain nits.
- Avoid sharing combs, hats, or hair accessories until the infestation is cleared.
Monitor progress by re‑examining the scalp every 3–4 days. If live lice persist after two treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional for alternative therapy or a resistance assessment.
Consistent application of these steps eradicates the infestation, prevents recurrence, and minimizes discomfort for the child.