How can flea bites be treated in humans? - briefly
Apply a cold compress, then use an over‑the‑counter antihistamine cream or oral antihistamine to relieve itching; if symptoms continue, a brief course of topical corticosteroid may be prescribed.
How can flea bites be treated in humans? - in detail
Flea bites cause localized redness, swelling, and intense itching. Immediate care focuses on reducing inflammation and preventing secondary infection.
Clean the affected area with mild soap and lukewarm water, then pat dry. Applying a cold compress for 10–15 minutes diminishes swelling and numbs the skin, providing temporary relief.
Topical options include:
- Hydrocortisone 1 % cream, applied 2–3 times daily for up to a week, to suppress the inflammatory response.
- Calamine lotion or a menthol‑based gel, applied several times a day, to soothe itching.
- Antihistamine ointments containing diphenhydramine, for localized relief.
Oral medications are useful when multiple bites produce widespread discomfort:
- Non‑prescription antihistamines such as cetirizine 10 mg or loratadine 10 mg once daily reduce pruritus and histamine‑mediated swelling.
- Ibuprofen 400 mg every 6–8 hours can alleviate pain and inflammation.
If symptoms persist beyond 48 hours, intensify, or signs of infection appear (increasing redness, warmth, pus, fever), seek professional evaluation. Prescription treatments may involve:
- Topical antibiotics (e.g., mupirocin) for confirmed bacterial involvement.
- Oral antibiotics (e.g., cephalexin) if cellulitis develops.
- Short courses of systemic corticosteroids for severe allergic reactions.
Special considerations:
- Children under two years should not receive oral antihistamines without medical guidance.
- Pregnant or lactating individuals require physician‑approved therapies, favoring topical agents with established safety profiles.
Preventive measures reduce future incidents: maintain regular pet flea control, vacuum carpets and upholstery frequently, wash bedding at high temperatures, and treat indoor environments with approved insect growth regulators.
Overall management combines prompt cleansing, anti‑inflammatory and antipruritic agents, vigilant monitoring for infection, and targeted medical intervention when necessary.