How can a subcutaneous tick be treated in a cat? - briefly
Remove the tick with fine‑pointed tweezers, pulling it straight out without crushing, then clean the area with antiseptic and watch for signs of infection, seeking veterinary care for systemic medication if needed.
How can a subcutaneous tick be treated in a cat? - in detail
A subcutaneous tick embedded beneath the skin of a feline requires prompt, systematic care to avoid infection, anemia, and disease transmission.
First, confirm the presence of a tick that cannot be seen on the surface. Palpate the area for a firm, raised nodule, often accompanied by slight swelling or redness. If the tick is not visible, proceed with a sterile needle or fine‑gauge scalpel to make a small incision directly over the nodule. Use a pair of fine‑point tweezers to grasp the tick’s mouthparts and pull gently but steadily upward, avoiding crushing the body. After removal, clean the wound with a diluted chlorhexidine solution or sterile saline, then apply a topical antiseptic.
Second, assess the cat’s overall condition. Measure packed cell volume (PCV) to detect anemia, and examine for signs of fever, lethargy, or joint pain that could indicate tick‑borne pathogens such as Bartonella or Cytauxzoon felis. If any systemic signs are present, initiate diagnostic testing (PCR, serology) and begin appropriate antimicrobial therapy under veterinary supervision.
Third, provide supportive care. Administer a short course of broad‑spectrum antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline 5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days) if bacterial infection is suspected. Offer iron supplementation or blood transfusion for severe anemia. Pain relief with a non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drug (e.g., meloxicam 0.05 mg/kg PO q24h) may be warranted, but only after ruling out contraindications.
Fourth, monitor the incision site daily for swelling, discharge, or delayed healing. Change dressings with sterile gauze and antiseptic solution every 24 hours until granulation tissue forms. Continue the antiseptic regimen for at least five days post‑procedure.
Finally, implement preventive measures to reduce future risk. Apply a veterinarian‑approved ectoparasitic collar or spot‑on product (e.g., fipronil, selamectin) monthly. Maintain indoor confinement during peak tick activity seasons, and regularly inspect the cat’s coat after outdoor excursions. Environmental control includes treating the household yard with appropriate acaricides and removing tall grasses or leaf litter where ticks thrive.
By following these steps—accurate removal, wound sanitation, systemic evaluation, targeted therapy, diligent aftercare, and robust prevention—a subcutaneous tick infestation can be resolved effectively and safely.