How and with what can one get rid of lice? - briefly
Effective removal requires applying a pediculicidal shampoo or lotion (e.g., 1 % permethrin or dimethicone) to the scalp, then meticulously combing with a fine‑toothed nit comb to extract nits. Repeat the treatment after 7–10 days and launder bedding and personal items in hot water to prevent re‑infestation.
How and with what can one get rid of lice? - in detail
Eliminating head lice requires a systematic approach that combines direct treatment of the scalp, removal of eggs, and environmental decontamination.
First, confirm the presence of live insects or viable nits within ¼ inch of the hair shaft. Use a fine-toothed comb on wet, conditioned hair to improve visibility.
Second, apply a pediculicide approved by health authorities. Options include:
- Synthetic pyrethroids (e.g., permethrin 1 % lotion): apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, then rinse.
- Neurotoxic agents (e.g., malathion 0.5 % lotion): suitable for resistant infestations; follow manufacturer’s timing guidelines.
- Dimethicone‑based products: coat lice and suffocate them; no resistance reported.
Third, follow the treatment with a thorough combing session. Use a stainless‑steel nit comb, moving from scalp to tip in 1‑inch sections. Repeat combing every 2–3 days for at least two weeks to capture newly hatched nymphs.
Fourth, repeat the chemical application after 7–10 days, as recommended for the chosen product, to eradicate any surviving eggs that may have survived the first round.
Fifth, sanitize personal items and surroundings:
- Wash clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items in sealed plastic bags for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats; discard vacuum bags immediately.
Sixth, treat close contacts. All household members and anyone with direct head‑to‑head contact should undergo the same combing protocol, even if asymptomatic, to prevent reinfestation.
Seventh, consider adjunctive measures when chemical resistance is suspected:
- Spinosad 0.9 % lotion: effective against resistant strains.
- Ivermectin oral tablets: prescribed for severe cases; monitor for contraindications.
- Essential‑oil preparations (e.g., tea‑tree oil 5 %): may reduce lice numbers but lack robust regulatory approval; use only as secondary aid.
Finally, educate on prevention: discourage sharing hats, hairbrushes, and pillows; maintain regular hair inspections, especially in school settings; and enforce prompt treatment of any detected case. Consistent application of these steps yields a high success rate in eradicating infestations.