Dust mites: how to treat them? - briefly
Effective control combines regular vacuuming with HEPA filtration, weekly washing of bedding at 60 °C, and application of acaricide sprays or dust‑mite‑impermeable covers. Maintaining indoor humidity below 50 % further suppresses population growth.
Dust mites: how to treat them? - in detail
Dust mites thrive in warm, humid environments and can provoke allergic reactions, asthma, and skin irritation. Effective control requires a multifaceted approach that reduces the habitability of indoor spaces and eliminates existing populations.
Reducing ambient humidity below 50 % disrupts mite reproduction. Dehumidifiers, air‑conditioning, and proper ventilation maintain low moisture levels. Temperatures above 75 °F (24 °C) also discourage development, making it advisable to keep indoor heating moderate during winter months.
Physical barriers limit exposure. All‑family bedding encasements with pore‑size ratings of 10 µm or less prevent mites from colonizing mattresses, pillows, and duvets. Washing all washable textiles at 130 °F (54 °C) for at least 10 minutes destroys eggs and adult mites. Vacuum cleaners equipped with high‑efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters remove allergens from carpets, rugs, and upholstered furniture; vacuuming should be performed twice weekly.
Chemical control options include:
- Acaricidal sprays containing benzyl benzoate, permethrin, or pyrethrins; apply to carpets, curtains, and upholstered surfaces following manufacturer instructions.
- Dust‑mite powders such as diatomaceous earth; disperse lightly on floor coverings and allow to sit for several hours before vacuuming.
- Nebulized foggers for severe infestations; use only in unoccupied spaces and ensure thorough ventilation afterward.
Personal hygiene practices further reduce symptom severity. Showering after prolonged indoor exposure removes mite allergens from the skin. Regular laundering of personal clothing and frequent changing of bedding sheets diminish re‑contamination.
Long‑term management combines monitoring and maintenance. Humidity meters placed in bedrooms provide real‑time data for adjusting dehumidification. Periodic allergen test kits detect residual dust‑mite proteins, guiding the frequency of cleaning cycles. Consistent application of the measures above maintains indoor environments inhospitable to these arthropods, thereby minimizing health impacts.