What to do if there are lice and fleas? - briefly
Use a pediculicide shampoo or lotion on affected persons to eliminate lice. Simultaneously treat the environment with a flea insecticide, wash bedding in hot water, vacuum carpets, and repeat after a week to ensure eradication.
What to do if there are lice and fleas? - in detail
When lice or fleas are discovered, immediate action prevents spread and reduces discomfort. Begin with a precise assessment: confirm the presence of live insects on hair, skin, or fur, and note the severity of infestation.
For human hosts, select an appropriate pediculicide or insecticide approved by health authorities. Apply the product exactly as directed, covering the entire scalp or affected area. After the recommended exposure time, rinse thoroughly and repeat the treatment after seven to ten days to eliminate newly hatched lice. Use a fine-toothed comb to remove nits; combing should occur every 2–3 hours for several days.
For animal companions, choose a veterinarian‑recommended flea control medication—topical spot‑on, oral tablet, or collar—depending on the species and weight. Administer the treatment according to the label schedule, usually every month, and repeat if the infestation persists.
Environmental decontamination is essential. Follow these steps:
- Wash all bedding, clothing, and towels in hot water (minimum 130 °F/54 °C) and dry on high heat for at least 30 minutes.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and cracks in flooring; discard the vacuum bag or empty the canister into a sealed bag.
- Steam‑clean rugs and mattresses, or apply an EPA‑registered insecticide to surfaces where insects may hide.
- Treat the household with a residual spray or fogger specifically labeled for lice or fleas, ensuring ventilation during and after application.
Preventive measures reduce future risk:
- Maintain regular grooming of pets, using a flea comb at least weekly.
- Apply a preventative flea product to animals throughout the year.
- Keep hair short and clean; avoid sharing combs, hats, or bedding.
- Inspect new clothing or second‑hand items before use.
Document each intervention, noting dates and products used, to track effectiveness and guide any necessary medical consultation. If symptoms persist or worsen, seek professional advice promptly.