What to do if I found lice?

What to do if I found lice? - briefly

Inspect the scalp, isolate the affected person, and apply a recommended pediculicide according to the product instructions. Wash bedding and clothing in hot water, vacuum the environment, and repeat treatment after 7–10 days to eradicate any newly hatched nits.

What to do if I found lice? - in detail

If lice are discovered on a person’s scalp, immediate action reduces the risk of spreading and eases discomfort. First, confirm the infestation by inspecting the hair close to the scalp, using a fine-toothed comb on a well‑lit surface. Look for live insects, nits attached firmly to hair shafts, and dark specks resembling pepper.

1. Isolation and notification

   • Keep the affected individual away from shared items (bedding, hats, brushes) until treatment begins.
   • Inform anyone who may have been in close contact, such as classmates, family members, or coworkers, so they can check themselves.

2. Select an appropriate treatment

   • Over‑the‑counter pediculicides containing permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with a synergist are first‑line options. Follow label instructions precisely, applying the product to dry hair, leaving it for the recommended duration, then rinsing thoroughly.
   • For resistance concerns or allergic reactions, prescription preparations (e.g., malathion 0.5 % or ivermectin lotion) may be required; obtain them from a healthcare professional.

3. Mechanical removal

   • After chemical treatment, comb the hair with a fine metal or plastic lice comb while the hair is still damp. Divide hair into sections, pulling the comb from scalp to tip to extract live insects and nits.
   • Repeat combing every 2–3 days for at least two weeks to capture newly hatched lice.

4. Environmental decontamination

   • Wash all washable items (sheets, pillowcases, towels, clothing) in hot water (≥ 130 °F/54 °C) and dry on high heat.
   • Seal non‑washable items (stuffed toys, helmets) in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks, as lice cannot survive more than 48 hours away from a host.
   • Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray hairs that may contain nits.

5. Preventive measures

   • Advise regular head‑checking, especially after group activities.
   • Encourage individuals to keep personal items separate and avoid sharing combs, hats, or headphones.
   • Maintain hair in a manageable length for easier inspection; short hair reduces hiding places for lice.

6. Follow‑up

   • Re‑examine the scalp after one week. If live lice persist, repeat the chemical treatment once more, adhering to product safety limits.
   • Persistent infestation after two treatment cycles warrants medical evaluation for alternative therapies.

By executing these steps promptly and systematically, the infestation can be eliminated while minimizing the chance of recurrence.