What to do if a rat has lice? - briefly
Isolate the rat, apply a veterinarian‑approved lice treatment, and disinfect its enclosure. Monitor for reinfestation and repeat the medication according to the vet’s instructions.
What to do if a rat has lice? - in detail
Rats afflicted with lice show excessive scratching, visible small white or brown insects clinging to fur, and possible scabs or hair loss. Confirm the infestation by parting the coat and examining the skin under good lighting.
First actions include removing the animal from the main colony, placing it in a clean, escape‑proof container, and washing hands thoroughly. Trim any heavily matted fur to improve access to the skin.
Treatment options:
- Topical insecticides: Apply a veterinary‑approved lice spray or dip according to the product label, covering the entire body while avoiding the eyes and nostrils. Repeat the application after 7–10 days to break the life cycle.
- Oral medications: Administer ivermectin or other antiparasitic tablets prescribed by a veterinarian, following dosage instructions precisely.
- Natural remedies: Use a diluted neem oil solution (1 % concentration) applied sparingly to the coat; monitor for skin irritation and combine with a veterinary‑approved product for complete control.
Environmental sanitation is essential. Remove all bedding, chew toys, and hideouts; wash them in hot water (≥ 60 °C) or replace them. Disinfect the cage with a 10 % bleach solution, rinse thoroughly, and allow to dry before reintroducing the rat. Vacuum the surrounding area to eliminate stray lice and eggs.
After treatment, observe the rat daily for residual itching, new lice, or adverse reactions to medication. Conduct a follow‑up inspection one week later and again after another two weeks. Maintain a regular cleaning schedule and consider periodic health checks to prevent recurrence.