What should you do if you have lice? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved lice treatment following the label directions and repeat the dose after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched nits. Wash or seal all clothing, bedding, and personal items at ≥130 °F (54 °C) for at least 48 hours to prevent re‑infestation.
What should you do if you have lice? - in detail
Lice infestations become evident through itching, visible nits attached to hair shafts, or live insects moving on the scalp. Confirm the problem by parting hair close to the scalp and examining the strands with a fine-toothed comb.
First, separate the affected individual from others to limit spread. Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels used in the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥130 °F) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks.
Apply an approved pediculicide according to the product label—either a 1 % permethrin lotion or a 0.5 % malathion shampoo. After the recommended exposure time, rinse thoroughly. Immediately follow with a nit comb, moving from scalp to tip in small sections; repeat the combing every 2–3 days for two weeks. If resistance is suspected or the infestation persists, obtain a prescription medication such as ivermectin or spinosad.
Conduct a second treatment 7–10 days after the initial application to eliminate any newly hatched lice. Re‑inspect the hair and repeat combing until no live insects or nits are detected. Clean hair accessories, brushes, and combs by soaking in hot water for at least 10 minutes.
Prevent future occurrences by discouraging head‑to‑head contact, avoiding shared hats or hair products, and performing routine scalp checks, especially in school‑age children. Maintain hygiene practices but recognize that lice are not a sign of poor cleanliness.