What should you do if lice appear? - briefly
Inspect the scalp, isolate the affected hair, and apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide according to the label, then comb thoroughly with a fine‑toothed lice comb. Wash bedding and clothing in hot water, vacuum furnishings, and repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eradicate any newly hatched nymphs.
What should you do if lice appear? - in detail
When live insects are found on the scalp, confirm the infestation by examining the hair under good lighting. Look for adult insects about the size of a sesame seed, translucent nymphs, and tiny oval eggs attached close to the scalp. Separate sections of hair with a fine-toothed comb to improve visibility.
Begin treatment promptly. Choose an approved pediculicide—either a over‑the‑counter preparation containing 1% permethrin or a prescription product such as 0.5% malathion—following the label directions exactly. Apply the solution to dry hair, leave it on for the recommended period, then rinse thoroughly. After the chemical step, use a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove remaining insects and eggs. Comb the hair in sections, wiping the comb after each pass. Repeat the entire process after seven to ten days to eliminate any newly hatched nymphs.
Sanitize personal items and the immediate environment. Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (minimum 130 °F/54 °C) and dry on high heat. Seal non‑washable items in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag or empty the canister immediately. Avoid sharing combs, hats, or headphones until the infestation is cleared.
Monitor for recurrence by inspecting the scalp twice weekly for at least three weeks. If live insects persist after two treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional for alternative medication or a possible resistance issue. Educate all household members about early detection and discourage head‑to‑head contact in communal settings.