What should be used to treat the head for lice and nits at home? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide, such as a 1 % permethrin or pyrethrin shampoo, according to the label directions and repeat the treatment after 7–10 days. Then use a fine‑toothed nit comb to eliminate remaining lice and nits, and wash bedding and clothing in hot water.
What should be used to treat the head for lice and nits at home? - in detail
Effective home management of head‑lice infestations requires a combination of topical agents, mechanical removal, and environmental decontamination.
First‑line topical products are over‑the‑counter shampoos or lotions containing either 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin combined with piperonyl butoxide. Apply according to the package instructions, leave the preparation on the scalp for the specified time, then rinse thoroughly. A second application 7–10 days later eliminates newly hatched nymphs that survived the initial dose.
Prescription‑strength options include 0.5 % malathion lotion, 0.05 % ivermectin lotion, or benzyl alcohol 5 % lotion. These are reserved for cases unresponsive to OTC preparations or where resistance is suspected.
Mechanical removal remains essential. Use a fine‑toothed, metal nit comb on wet, conditioned hair. Process each section from scalp to tip, wiping the comb on a white towel after each pass to visualize captured insects. Repeat combing daily for at least three consecutive days, then twice weekly for two additional weeks.
Supportive measures that reduce reinfestation:
- Wash all recently worn clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., stuffed toys) in sealed plastic bags for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and vehicle seats to remove stray nits.
If symptoms persist after two treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional for possible oral therapy (e.g., ivermectin tablets) and to verify correct product usage.