What should be used to treat hair for lice? - briefly
«Permethrin‑based shampoo» applied according to label directions is the primary recommended treatment, often followed by a nit‑comb to remove remaining nits. Alternative options include malathion lotion or benzyl‑phenyl‑carbamate (bencox) for resistant cases.
What should be used to treat hair for lice? - in detail
Effective lice eradication from hair relies on a combination of chemical agents, mechanical removal, and environmental measures.
Permethrin 1 % shampoo or lotion remains the first‑line over‑the‑counter option. Apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, then rinse thoroughly. Repeat after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched nymphs.
Pyrethrins combined with piperonyl‑butoxide provide an alternative for individuals with permethrin sensitivity. Use according to label instructions, ensuring full coverage of the scalp and hair shafts.
Malathion 0.5 % lotion is reserved for resistant infestations. Apply to damp hair, keep on for 8–12 hours, then wash out. Use only for children older than 6 months and adults without skin disorders.
Benzyl alcohol 5 % lotion offers a non‑neurotoxic option. Apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, then rinse. A second application after 7 days is required.
Ivermectin 0.5 % lotion, available by prescription, is effective against resistant strains. Apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, and repeat after 7 days.
Spinosad 0.9 % suspension is another prescription‑only product. Apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, then rinse. A single treatment often suffices; a repeat may be advised for severe cases.
Mechanical removal complements chemical treatment. Use a fine‑tooth lice comb on wet, conditioned hair. Comb from scalp to ends, cleaning the comb after each pass. Perform at least three sessions spaced 2–3 days apart.
Environmental control reduces re‑infestation risk. Wash bedding, clothing, and towels in hot water (≥ 54 °C) or seal non‑washable items in a plastic bag for 2 weeks. Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture.
Age‑specific restrictions apply: lindane is limited to adults due to neurotoxicity, and some products are contraindicated for infants under 2 months. Review product labels for contraindications and potential allergic reactions.
Combining an appropriate pediculicide with thorough combing and environmental decontamination provides the most reliable eradication strategy. Continuous monitoring for residual nits and prompt retreatment prevent resurgence.