What should be done when lice are found? - briefly
Isolate the person and apply an approved lice treatment following the product’s directions. Wash all clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water, thoroughly clean the environment, and repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eradicate any newly hatched insects.
What should be done when lice are found? - in detail
When lice are identified on a person, the response must be swift and systematic.
First, verify the presence of live insects or viable eggs. Examine the scalp and hair with a fine-toothed comb under bright light. Separate any suspicious material and inspect it with a magnifying lens. Confirmation prevents unnecessary treatment and guides the appropriate measures.
Second, initiate treatment promptly. Choose one of the following options based on age, health status, and resistance patterns:
- Over‑the‑counter pediculicide shampoo or lotion containing pyrethrin or permethrin, applied according to the product instructions and left on the hair for the recommended duration before rinsing.
- Prescription‑only medication such as ivermectin or malathion for cases where resistance to OTC agents is documented.
- Physical removal using a fine‑toothed nit comb on wet, conditioned hair, repeated every 2–3 days for two weeks to eliminate newly hatched nymphs.
Apply the chosen product to dry hair, cover the scalp completely, and avoid immediate rinsing unless the label specifies otherwise. After treatment, wash all towels, pillowcases, and clothing worn within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks.
Third, decontaminate the environment. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and vehicle seats thoroughly. Discard hair‑brushes and combs, or soak them in hot water (≥ 50 °C) for 10 minutes. Seal non‑washable items in airtight containers for a minimum of 48 hours, as lice cannot survive beyond this period without a host.
Fourth, monitor for recurrence. Conduct a visual inspection and comb check at day 7 and day 14 after the initial treatment. If live lice are still observed, repeat the treatment with a different active ingredient to address possible resistance.
Finally, educate all contacts. Inform family members, classmates, and close acquaintances about the detection, emphasizing the need for simultaneous screening and, if necessary, prophylactic treatment to prevent re‑infestation.
Following these steps eliminates the infestation, reduces the risk of spread, and minimizes the likelihood of a repeat episode.