What should be done if I have lice?

What should be done if I have lice? - briefly

Apply an FDA‑approved lice treatment and comb out nits with a fine‑toothed comb, repeating the process after 7–10 days. Wash all clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water or seal them in a plastic bag for two weeks.

What should be done if I have lice? - in detail

If live insects are observed on the scalp, confirm the infestation by parting hair and examining the base for nits, which appear as tiny, oval, cement‑attached structures. Use a fine‑toothed comb on wet hair to improve visibility.

Effective eradication combines chemical or physical agents with thorough environmental cleaning. Recommended options include:

  • Over‑the‑counter pediculicides containing permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with piperonyl‑butoxide; apply to dry hair, leave for the manufacturer‑specified time, then rinse.
  • Dimethicone‑based lotions, which suffocate insects without neurotoxic action; follow label instructions for coverage and exposure.
  • Manual removal using a nit comb after a conditioning agent; repeat every 2‑3 days for two weeks to catch newly hatched lice.

Application protocol:

  1. Wash the scalp with a regular shampoo; towel‑dry.
  2. Apply the chosen product evenly, ensuring contact with the entire hair length.
  3. Cover hair with a plastic cap or towel if recommended; maintain the specified exposure period.
  4. Rinse thoroughly; avoid immediate use of hair conditioners, which may reduce efficacy.
  5. Comb the hair with a fine nit comb while still damp; remove all visible nits and dead insects, disposing of them in sealed plastic.

Environmental measures:

  • Wash bedding, towels, and clothing used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
  • Seal non‑washable items in a plastic bag for two weeks.
  • Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister afterward.
  • Avoid sharing personal items such as combs, hats, or headphones until the infestation is cleared.

Follow‑up:

  • Perform a second combing session 7‑10 days after the initial treatment to eliminate any surviving nits.
  • Conduct a final inspection 14 days post‑treatment; if live lice are still present, repeat the entire process with an alternative product.
  • Inform close contacts (family members, classmates) so they can inspect and, if necessary, treat promptly.