What should be done about lice in children? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved lice treatment to the child’s hair, then comb with a fine‑toothed nit comb and launder clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water. Repeat the treatment after 7–10 days and inspect close contacts to prevent reinfestation.
What should be done about lice in children? - in detail
Head lice infestations in school‑age children require immediate identification, effective treatment, and preventive measures to stop spread.
First, confirm the presence of live nits or adult insects by examining the scalp with a fine‑tooth comb under good lighting. Separate the child from close contacts until treatment begins.
Second, apply an approved pediculicide. Options include:
- 1% permethrin lotion, applied to dry hair for ten minutes, then rinsed.
- 0.5% malathion cream, left on for eight to twelve hours before washing.
- Dimethicone‑based products, which immobilize insects without chemicals.
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions precisely; misuse can reduce efficacy and increase resistance. After the initial application, repeat treatment after seven to ten days to eliminate newly hatched nits.
Third, remove residual eggs mechanically. Use a fine‑tooth comb on wet, conditioned hair, working from scalp outward. Perform combing every 2–3 days for two weeks. Dispose of combed material by sealing in a plastic bag and discarding.
Fourth, decontaminate personal items and the environment:
- Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used in the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 130 °F) and dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items in a sealed bag for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats; discard vacuum bags promptly.
- Avoid sharing combs, hats, scarves, or headphones.
Fifth, inform the school or childcare provider. Many institutions require notification and may implement screening or temporary exclusion policies. Provide written confirmation of treatment completion to facilitate re‑entry.
Sixth, educate caregivers and children on detection and avoidance:
- Conduct weekly scalp checks, especially after playdates or trips.
- Encourage children to keep hair tied back and avoid head‑to‑head contact.
- Discourage sharing personal grooming tools.
Finally, monitor for reinfestation. If lice reappear after two weeks, repeat the treatment cycle and reassess compliance with removal and cleaning steps. Persistent cases may warrant prescription‑only medication or consultation with a healthcare professional.