What kills pubic lice? - briefly
Effective eradication relies on topical insecticides such as 1 % permethrin cream or pyrethrins combined with piperonyl‑butoxide, and, when needed, oral ivermectin. Complementary measures include washing clothing and bedding in hot water or sealing them for at least two weeks to block re‑infestation.
What kills pubic lice? - in detail
Effective eradication of pubic lice requires agents that target the parasite’s nervous system, cuticle, or reproductive capacity. Prescription and over‑the‑counter treatments fall into three categories: topical insecticides, oral medications, and mechanical removal.
Topical insecticides
- Permethrin 1 % cream rinse: neurotoxin that paralyzes the insect; applied to affected area for 10 minutes, then rinsed.
- Pyrethrins with piperonyl‑butoxide: synergistic formulation that disrupts sodium channels; left on skin for 10 minutes before washing.
- Malathion 0.5 % lotion: organophosphate that inhibits acetylcholinesterase; applied for 8–12 hours, then washed off.
- Benzyl alcohol 5 % lotion: occlusive agent that suffocates lice; applied for 24 hours, repeated after 7 days to eliminate newly hatched nymphs.
Oral medications
- Ivermectin 200 µg/kg single dose: systemic antiparasitic that binds glutamate‑gated chloride channels, causing paralysis and death. A second dose after 7 days addresses any surviving eggs.
- Albendazole 400 mg single dose: interferes with microtubule formation; less commonly used but effective in resistant cases.
Mechanical methods
- Fine‑toothed combs: remove live insects and nymphs when used on damp hair; requires repeated sessions over several days.
- Hot water laundering: washing clothing, bedding, and towels at ≥60 °C destroys eggs and adults; drying on high heat provides additional assurance.
Adjunctive measures
- Avoid sexual contact until treatment completes and symptoms resolve.
- Disinfect personal items (e.g., razors, sex toys) with 70 % isopropyl alcohol or bleach solution.
- Replace or quarantine infested garments and linens for at least 72 hours.
Resistance considerations
- Repeated use of pyrethrins may select for resistant lice; rotating to a different class (e.g., malathion or ivermectin) mitigates this risk.
- Confirm treatment success by inspecting the area 1 week after therapy; persistent itching or visible insects warrant repeat dosing or alternative agent.
In summary, a comprehensive approach combines a proven topical insecticide, optional oral therapy for resistant or extensive infestations, and thorough decontamination of personal items. Proper application timing, dosage, and follow‑up inspections ensure complete elimination.