What is the flea that affects hares called? - briefly
The flea that parasitizes hares is Leporacarus gibbus, commonly known as the hare flea.
What is the flea that affects hares called? - in detail
The flea that parasitizes hares is Spilopsyllus cuniculi, commonly referred to as the hare flea. It belongs to the order Siphonaptera, family Pulicidae. Adult specimens measure 2–3 mm, display a laterally flattened body, and possess long hind legs adapted for jumping. Their coloration ranges from dark brown to reddish‑brown.
Key aspects of its biology include:
- Life cycle: Eggs are laid on the host’s fur, hatch into larvae that feed on organic debris in the nest, then pupate in the environment. Development from egg to adult takes 2–3 weeks under favorable conditions.
- Host specificity: Primarily infests European hares (Lepus europaeus) and mountain hares (Lepus timidus), but may occasionally be found on rabbits and other lagomorphs.
- Geographic distribution: Widely present across Europe, extending into parts of Asia and North Africa where suitable hare populations exist.
- Pathogenic effects: Causes dermatitis, pruritus, and secondary bacterial infections. Heavy infestations can lead to anemia and reduced reproductive performance.
- Control measures: Effective management relies on topical insecticides (e.g., fipronil, imidacloprid), environmental sanitation of burrows, and regular treatment of captive hare populations.
Understanding the flea’s morphology, life cycle, and impact informs veterinary interventions and wildlife management strategies.