What is a mite on facial skin? - briefly
Facial mites are microscopic arachnids, mainly Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, that reside in hair follicles and sebaceous glands on the face. They feed on skin cells and oils, usually harmless but capable of contributing to irritation or skin disorders when their numbers rise.
What is a mite on facial skin? - in detail
Facial mites are microscopic arthropods that inhabit the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of the human face. Two species dominate human skin: Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis. The former prefers the outer follicle, feeding on dead skin cells and sebum; the latter resides deeper, consuming glandular secretions.
Life cycle proceeds through egg, larva, protonymph, nymph, and adult stages. Eggs are deposited in the follicular opening, hatch within three to four days, and reach maturity in two weeks. Adult mites measure 0.2–0.4 mm, invisible to the naked eye, and reproduce sexually.
Typical population density ranges from a few individuals per square centimeter to several hundred in individuals with compromised skin barrier or altered sebum production. Overpopulation may trigger inflammation, resulting in:
- Redness and papular eruptions
- Itching or burning sensation
- Fine scaling or dry patches
- Ocular irritation when mites colonize eyelash follicles
Diagnosis relies on microscopic examination of skin scrapings or standardized adhesive tape tests. Samples are placed on a slide, stained, and observed at 100–400× magnification to identify characteristic elongated bodies with elongated anterior and posterior segments.
Therapeutic approaches aim to reduce mite load and restore skin balance:
- Topical agents: tea‑tree oil preparations, metronidazole gel, ivermectin cream.
- Systemic medication: oral ivermectin for severe cases.
- Hygiene measures: regular facial cleansing with non‑comedogenic products, avoidance of oily cosmetics, and periodic replacement of pillowcases and towels.
Prevention focuses on maintaining normal sebum levels and minimizing conditions that favor mite proliferation, such as chronic rosacea, immunosuppression, or excessive skin irritation. Regular dermatological assessment ensures early detection and appropriate management.