What happens to children if they have lice? - briefly
Infested children suffer scalp itching and irritation, often resulting in scratching that can cause secondary skin infections and hinder concentration. Prompt treatment with approved lice‑removal products stops the infestation and reduces the risk of transmission.
What happens to children if they have lice? - in detail
Children infested with head lice experience a range of physical and psychological effects. The insects attach to hair shafts and feed on blood, causing itching that intensifies after several days. Persistent scratching can lead to skin irritation, redness, and secondary bacterial infections such as impetigo when the skin barrier is broken. Although lice do not transmit serious diseases, the discomfort may interfere with concentration, sleep quality, and overall well‑being, potentially affecting academic performance.
Social consequences often accompany the infestation. Peers may react with avoidance or teasing, which can lower self‑esteem and increase anxiety. Parents may face stigma and pressure to resolve the problem quickly, leading to added stress within the family.
Transmission occurs through direct head‑to‑head contact and, less commonly, via shared objects such as hats, brushes, or bedding. Close contact in schools, camps, and sports teams makes rapid spread likely, especially among children aged 3‑11. Early detection is crucial to prevent outbreaks; regular visual checks of the scalp and behind the ears can reveal live insects or nits attached to the hair shaft.
Effective management involves several steps:
- Identification – Use a fine‑toothed comb on wet hair to locate live lice and viable eggs.
- Treatment – Apply a pediculicide approved for pediatric use according to label directions; repeat the application after 7‑10 days to kill newly hatched lice.
- Mechanical removal – Comb out nits after each treatment session to reduce reinfestation risk.
- Environmental control – Wash clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water (≥130 °F/54 °C) or seal them in plastic bags for two weeks; vacuum carpets and upholstery to remove stray hairs containing eggs.
- Follow‑up – Re‑examine the child’s scalp weekly for at least four weeks to confirm eradication.
If symptoms persist despite treatment, consult a healthcare professional to rule out allergic reactions, secondary infections, or resistance to over‑the‑counter medications. Prompt, thorough intervention minimizes discomfort, prevents spread, and supports the child’s physical and emotional health.