What does the sanitary‑epidemiological station use to poison fleas? - briefly
They apply insecticidal powders or aerosol preparations containing pyrethroid compounds (e.g., permethrin) to eradicate fleas. These formulations are administered to infested areas under controlled conditions.
What does the sanitary‑epidemiological station use to poison fleas? - in detail
The sanitary‑epidemiological service combats flea infestations by applying insecticidal agents approved for public‑health use. These agents are selected according to national guidelines, toxicity limits, and resistance patterns.
The primary chemical classes employed are:
- Pyrethroids (e.g., permethrin, deltamethrin). They act on the nervous system of adult fleas, causing rapid paralysis. Formulations include powders, aerosols, and liquid concentrates for surface treatment.
- Organophosphates (e.g., chlorpyrifos). Utilized where pyrethroid resistance is documented. Application is restricted to indoor environments with controlled ventilation.
- Insect growth regulators (IGRs) (e.g., methoprene, pyriproxyfen). Interfere with larval development, preventing emergence of new adults. Typically mixed with dust or incorporated into bait matrices.
- Combination products that merge a fast‑acting adulticide with an IGR to achieve immediate knock‑down and long‑term population suppression.
Application methods are chosen based on infestation severity and setting:
- Dusting – fine insecticidal powder applied to cracks, crevices, bedding, and animal shelters. Provides residual activity for weeks.
- Spraying – aerosol or fogger disperses liquid formulation in rooms, corridors, and storage areas. Ensures coverage of large surfaces.
- Bait stations – gel or granule bait containing insecticide and attractant placed in rodent‑free zones. Targets fleas feeding on hosts.
Safety protocols include:
- Pre‑treatment inspection to identify non‑target species and vulnerable populations.
- Use of personal protective equipment (gloves, respirators) by operators.
- Post‑application ventilation and verification of residue levels against permissible exposure limits.
- Documentation of product batch numbers, dosage, and treated area for traceability.
Monitoring after treatment involves:
- Trapping fleas on sticky pads or using host‑based collection to assess mortality rates.
- Re‑inspection at 7‑ and 14‑day intervals to detect residual activity.
- Adjusting the control program if survival rates exceed thresholds, possibly rotating to an alternative active ingredient.
Overall, the health authority relies on a regulated mix of adulticides and growth regulators, delivered through dust, spray, or bait, while adhering to strict safety and monitoring standards to eradicate flea populations effectively.