What can be used at home to eliminate lice? - briefly
Over‑the‑counter pediculicides that contain permethrin or pyrethrin, applied as directed, eliminate head lice. Complementary actions—fine‑toothed nit combing, washing bedding in hot water, and sealing non‑washable items in sealed plastic for two weeks—reduce the chance of re‑infestation.
What can be used at home to eliminate lice? - in detail
Lice infestations require prompt eradication to prevent spread and discomfort. Effective household solutions fall into three categories: pharmacologic agents, botanical preparations, and mechanical methods.
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Over‑the‑counter insecticides such as 1 % permethrin shampoo, 0.5 % pyrethrin lotion, and dimethicone‑based creams are applied to dry hair, left for the manufacturer‑specified time, then rinsed thoroughly. Repeat treatment after seven days eliminates newly hatched nymphs. Follow package directions precisely; avoid excessive exposure to skin or eyes.
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Plant‑derived compounds offer alternative options. Dilute 5 % tea‑tree oil in a carrier (e.g., coconut oil) and massage into the scalp, leaving the mixture for 30 minutes before combing and washing. Neem oil applied similarly, at 10 % concentration, suffocates insects. Both require daily application for at least five days and should be tested on a small skin area to rule out irritation.
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Physical removal remains indispensable. Use a fine‑tooth (0.2 mm) lice comb on wet, conditioned hair. Section the scalp, comb from root to tip, and wipe each pass with a tissue. Perform this process every 2–3 hours for 48 hours, then once daily for an additional week. Repeat combing after each wash.
Environmental control prevents re‑infestation. Wash all bedding, clothing, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) or seal them in airtight bags for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard vacuum bags immediately. Avoid sharing personal items such as hats, brushes, or headphones.
Combining chemical or botanical treatment with diligent combing and thorough decontamination yields the highest success rate for eliminating head‑lice populations within a household.